I am just learning a lot of the lingo myself...
Those are old "original" rivet heads that were drilled out to make the repairs for the AD or some other previous repairs.
Since they are the part of the rivet that met the bucking bar they are called "the shop heads." If they were the round part they would be the "manufacturers head." Or sometimes, "The Factory Head."
The Diagonal tubes and longerons are sandwiched together with what are called gusset plates or tie plates.
Some of those had some corrosion and were replaced.
Usually the workmen like to remove all the shavings and the pieces of rivets from their repairs so they don't "migrate" into moving parts and jam them up.
In this case it would most likely have interfered with the bomb-bay door mechanisms or the hinges.
That kind of crepe annoys them that knows better.
In this case it was done by an outside "specialist" at GREAT expense.
Our code phrase whenever we see such spoor left on the B17 is,
"Another fine example of commitment to excellence!"




